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EN More importantly, since HTTP/3 uses QUIC (hence UDP) where prior versions of HTTP use TCP, HTTP/3 will always be at a different endpoint from the HTTP/1.x and HTTP/2 service.

• importantly
• since HTTP
• uses QUIC
• hence UDP
• TCP
• HTTP

EN A line chart comparing the fraction of first-party HTTP/2 requests with third-party HTTP/2 or gQUIC requests

• line chart comparing
• fraction of first-party
• requests with third-party
• gQUIC requests

EN Is there any difference in which content-types are served over HTTP/2 or gQUIC? Figure 22.8 shows, for example, that 90% of websites serve 100% of third party fonts and audio over HTTP/2 or gQUIC, only 5% over HTTP/1.1 and 5% are a mix

• served over HTTP
• gQUIC
• Figure shows
• example
• party fonts
• audio over HTTP
• HTTP
• mix

EN HTTP: This will route from HTTP, usually to the same HTTP. If used with HTTPS on the right side, it may cause errors to occur.

• HTTP
• route from HTTP
• used with HTTPS
• right side

EN HTTP Secure (HTTPS) is the safe version of the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) for secure online transactions. It is easy to see the difference because with the protocol HTTP, URLs start with

• HTTP Secure
• HTTPS
• Hypertext Transfer Protocol
• HTTP
• secure online transactions
• protocol HTTP

EN HTTP: This will route from HTTP, usually to the same HTTP. If used with HTTPS on the right side, it may cause errors to occur.

• HTTP
• route from HTTP
• used with HTTPS
• right side

EN HTTP Secure (HTTPS) is the safe version of the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) for secure online transactions. It is easy to see the difference because with the protocol HTTP, URLs start with

• HTTP Secure
• HTTPS
• Hypertext Transfer Protocol
• HTTP
• secure online transactions
• protocol HTTP

EN HTTP/3 is the latest version of HTTP, and it builds upon the success of HTTP/2 by adding several new features and improvements

• HTTP
• improvements

EN As the HTTP protocol has evolved, the semantics of HTTP have stayed the same; there have been no changes to the HTTP methods (such as GET or POST), status codes (200, or the dreaded 404), URIs, or header fields

• semantics of HTTP
• stayed the same
• methods
• POST
• status codes
• dreaded
• URIs
• header fields

EN Last year?s analysis of HTTP Archive data showed that HTTP/2 was used for over 50% of requests and, as can be seen, linear growth has continued in 2020; now in excess of 60% of requests are served over HTTP/2.

• Last year
• analysis of HTTP
• showed that HTTP
• requests
• seen
• served over HTTP

EN As discussed in the HTTP/1.0 to HTTP/2 section, HTTP/2 multiplexes multiple different streams on top of one connection

• HTTP
• section
• multiplexes multiple different

EN Since QUIC and HTTP/3 run over UDP, things aren?t as simple as with HTTP/1.1 or HTTP/2

• Since QUIC
• HTTP
• run over UDP
• things aren

EN This likely will have to be done for each domain separately, which will probably lead to most page loads using a mix of HTTP/1.1, HTTP/2, and HTTP/3.

• done for each
• separately
• mix of HTTP
• HTTP

EN Most likely, we will continue to see a healthy mix of HTTP/3, HTTP/2, and even HTTP/1.1 on the web for years to come.

• likely
• HTTP
• even HTTP
• web for years

EN Home pages have seen a 13% increase in HTTP/2 adoption, leading to an even split of pages served over HTTP/1.1 and HTTP/2

• increase in HTTP
• adoption
• split of pages
• HTTP

EN Note that using these definitions, third-party content served from a first-party domain is counted as a first-party content

• definitions
• third-party content served
• first-party content

EN First-party HTML is the content type with the shortest age, with 41.1% of the requests having an age less than a week. In most of the other content types, third-party content has a smaller resource age than first party content.

• shortest age
• content types
• smaller resource age
• party

EN There is a significant gap in some first vs. third-party resources having an age of more than a week. 93.4% of first-party CSS are older than one week compared to 48.0% of third-party CSS, which are older than one week.

• vs
• third-party resources having
• week
• third-party CSS

EN When we break this out by first-party vs third-party in the above table, we can see that almost two-thirds (61.8%) of first-party resources can benefit from a longer TTL

• first-party vs third-party
• above table
• almost two-thirds
• longer TTL

EN We also use first and third-party cookies. First party cookies are used and controlled by us to provide services for the Services. Third-party cookies are controlled by third-parties, mostly for analytics purposes.

• third-party cookies
• third-parties
• mostly for analytics

EN Figure 22.7. The distribution of the fraction of third-party and first-party HTTP/2 requests per page.

• Figure
• third-party
• first-party HTTP
• requests per

EN To understand what HTTP headers are, it?s first essential to know how HTTP works

• understand what HTTP
• essential to know
• HTTP works

EN After HTTP/1.x was released, it took over 20 years until the first major update, HTTP/2, was made a standard in 2015.

• After HTTP
• released
• took over years
• major update
• HTTP
• made a standard

EN When comparing Figure 22.3 with last year?s results, there has been a 10% increase in HTTP/2 requests and a corresponding 10% decrease in HTTP/1.x requests. This is the first year that gQUIC can be seen in the dataset.

• year
• results
• increase in HTTP
• requests
• year that gQUIC

EN However, HTTP/3 over QUIC is already peeking around the corner! Over four years in the making, this next version of HTTP is almost standardized at the IETF (expected in the first half of 2021)

• However
• HTTP
• QUIC is already
• around the corner
• making
• IETF

EN Third-Party Products.The Services may include Third-Party Products. Celigo grants You the specific rights the Third-Party Providers provide Celigo in the Third-Party Products.

• Third-Party
• include Third-Party Products
• Celigo grants You
• Providers provide Celigo

EN While a brand’s first-party data is extremely valuable, it can be limited in volume. What’s more, third-party can be expensive and heterogeneous. Therefore, using second-party data from other business partners can be extremely profitable.

• valuable
• limited in volume
• heterogeneous
• Therefore

EN While a brand’s first-party data is extremely valuable, it can be limited in volume. What’s more, third-party can be expensive and heterogeneous. Therefore, using second-party data from other business partners can be extremely profitable.

• valuable
• limited in volume
• heterogeneous
• Therefore

EN Similarly, first-party content served from a third-party domain is counted as third-party content

• Similarly
• first-party content served
• third-party content

EN An associated example: First-party images served over a CDN on a third-party domain are considered third-party content.

• associated example
• First-party images served
• domain are considered

EN Third Party Web is a research project by Patrick Hulce, author of the Third Parties chapter, that uses HTTP Archive and Lighthouse data to identify and analyze the impact of third party resources on the web.

• Third Party Web
• Hulce
• Parties chapter
• uses HTTP Archive
• analyze the impact
• third party resources

EN Third Party Web is a research project by Patrick Hulce, author of the 2019 Third Parties chapter, that uses HTTP Archive and Lighthouse data to identify and analyze the impact of third party resources on the web.

• Third Party Web
• Hulce
• Parties chapter
• uses HTTP Archive
• analyze the impact
• third party resources

EN Third Party Web is a research project by Patrick Hulce, author of the Third Parties chapter, that uses HTTP Archive and Lighthouse data to identify and analyze the impact of third party resources on the web.

• Third Party Web
• Hulce
• Parties chapter
• uses HTTP Archive
• analyze the impact
• third party resources

EN Third Party Web is a research project by Patrick Hulce, author of the 2019 Third Parties chapter, that uses HTTP Archive and Lighthouse data to identify and analyze the impact of third party resources on the web.

• Third Party Web
• Hulce
• Parties chapter
• uses HTTP Archive
• analyze the impact
• third party resources

EN When we compare compression techniques between first and third parties, we can see that third-party content tends to be compressed more than first-party content

• compare compression techniques
• third parties
• third-party content tends
• content

EN Figure 22.7 orders every website by the fraction of HTTP/2 requests for known third parties or first party requests compared to other requests

• Figure orders every
• fraction of HTTP
• requests for known
• parties
• party requests compared
• requests

EN There is a noticeable difference as over 40% of all sites have no first-party HTTP/2 or gQUIC requests at all

• HTTP

EN 45% of websites have no HTTP/2 first-party requests

• first-party requests

EN Figure 22.12. Percentage of HTTP/2 requests served by the first-party CDNs over mobile.

• Figure
• Percentage of HTTP

EN Whenever a redirect occurs, Query Monitor adds an HTTP header containing the call stack, so you can use your favourite HTTP inspector or browser developer tools to trace what triggered the redirect.

• Whenever a redirect
• Query Monitor adds
• HTTP header containing
• call stack
• favourite HTTP inspector
• browser developer tools
• trace what triggered

EN Highlight plain http requests to the HTTP API as insecure.

• Highlight plain http

EN HTTP Response Codes (only available on HTTP and HTTPS Monitor Types)

• HTTP Response Codes
• available on HTTP
• HTTPS Monitor Types

EN Set 301 redirects between http:// and the http://www versions of your domain. This is something we often forget, but it’s a must in SEO.

• Set redirects between
• domain
• something we often

EN So what?s the difference? The 307 status code was added to the HTTP standard in HTTP 1.1

• difference

EN The HTTP/2 protocol was published in 2015 with the aim of creating a faster and safer Internet, as there hadn’t really been any radical revision since HTTP 1.1

• HTTP
• protocol was published
• aim of creating
• faster
• safer Internet
• revision since HTTP

EN HTTP/2 is developed on the same syntax as HTTP 1.1, so it’s more of an update than a complete revision

• HTTP
• syntax as HTTP
• revision

EN The biggest differences from HTTP 1.1 are summarized in HTTP2 as follows: ? HTTP / 2 is binary, instead of textual ? It’s completely multiplexed, instead of ordered and blocked

• HTTP
• binary
• instead of textual
• completely multiplexed
• instead of ordered
• blocked

EN An HTTP Watch study compared different versions of the same page: between standard HTTPS and HTTP/2.

• HTTP Watch study
• same page
• between standard HTTPS
• HTTP

EN It is also worth noting that if a site is in HTTP/2 and establishes a connection to a resource that is still in HTTP 1.1, they will simply communicate in the previous language.

• establishes a connection
• HTTP
• previous

EN An HTTP status code is a server response to a client’s request (browser or search engine). The codes, which consist of three digits, indicate whether a specific HTTP request has been successfully completed.

• HTTP status code
• request
• browser
• search engine
• codes
• consist of three
• successfully